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Financing the Knowledge Industry
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12932 |
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Section : |
Book World
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| Issue
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5 / 1987 |
6,151 Words |
| Author
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John Braeman
John Braeman is professor of history at the University of
Nebraska at Lincoln. |
TO ADVANCE KNOWLEDGE
The Growth of American Research Universities, 1900-1940
Roger L. Geiger
New York: Oxford University Press, 1986
352 pp., $27.50
AMERICAN PROFESSORS
A National Resource Imperiled
Howard R. Bowen and Jack H. Schuster
New York: Oxford University Press, 1986
322 pp., $24.95
Higher education is big business in the United States. There are over 3,200 institutions of higher education, ranging from two-year colleges to research universities. Those institutions enroll more than 12 million students--or adjusting for part-timers, over 8.5 million fulltime equivalents. They have on their staffs approximately 660,000 faculty, over two-thirds of whom are full-time. Their total current expenditures in 1980-1982 amounted to over $65 billion. Perhaps more important, higher education plays a central role in what Daniel Bell has termed our contemporary "post-industrial society."
"Industrial society," Bell explained, "is the coordination of machines and men for the production of goods. Post-industrial society is organized around knowledge, for the purpose of social control and the directing of innovation and change." And he underlined the key importance of a special kind of knowledge: "What has become decisive for the organization of decisions and the direction
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