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Buttressing the COCOM System
| Article
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13126 |
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Section : |
CURRENT ISSUES
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| Issue
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11 / 1987 |
1,908 Words |
| Author
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Stephen D. Bryen
Stephen D. Bryen is deputy under secretary of defense for
trade security policy. |
The multilateral Coordinating Committee on Export Controls (COCOM), based in Paris, has as its central purpose protecting Western technology so that the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact countries cannot use the technology for strengthening their military programs. While COCOM has had its ups and downs since its creation in 1949, we are now on the verge of determining whether COCOM can take the actions needed to assure Western security in the 1990s or will have to be replaced with something new.
COCOM is an entirely voluntary organization comprised of the NATO members (minus Iceland) and Japan. Indeed, there have been times when COCOM's very existence was not confirmed by the countries participating in the system. Even today, COCOM's headquarters are off-limits to visitors, and COCOM delegates all work under the cover of other organizations in Paris, including embassies and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
The reason for all the mystery about COCOM and its operations is, most certainly, political. COCOM was started by NATO as an economic blockade of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. It was moved out of NATO's headquarters and off to Paris because its activities seemed more economic than military in orientation. As the Soviet occupation of Eastern Europe became a reality, COCOM activity continued, but its political character and its orientation shifted.
Western countries, for various reasons, were accepting the legitimacy of Eastern Europe's integration into the Warsaw Pact military system. But, it was understood, steps had to be taken to make sure that weapons and critical goods were not shipped to
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