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TS'AO KUO CHIU
Ts'ao
Kuo
Chiu is said to have lived during the Sung dynasty
(960-1279) and to have been the son of a general. His remains are entombed in Xuzhou. Ts’ao’s emblem is a pair of castanets held
in one hand. One
of Ts’ao’s brothers (some say Ts’ao himself) was an
evil man who took great advantage of his connections
to the throne. Ts’ao
tried to reform his brother but to no avail, and the
brother was convicted of many crimes.
Tradition has it that, as a consequence of
his brother’s guilt, Ts’ao went into the mountains. He found enlightenment at the hands of the
immortals Lu Tung Pin and Chang Kuo Lao, who gave
him the pill of immortality. One legend attributes his elevation to the
rank of immortal as a sort of whimsy by the other
seven, who wanted to fill out their number to eight.
Other stories say that Ho Hsien Ku was the
eighth.
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P.C.
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Han
Hsiang Tzu was so disappointed that he retreated from this
life and devoted himself to study.
After many years, he achieved immortality.
But the flute was no ordinary instrument.
It could play, almost by itself, captivating music
that enchanted all who heard it. Even after Han Hsiang Tzu became an immortal
he carried this flute with him.
The flute was made of bamboo from the forest of Kuan
Yin and gave Han the power to destroy evil spirits and bring
pleasure to the pure of heart.
A young girl attains the
rank of immortal
Ho
Hsien Ku was reputedly a girl of fourteen who lived during
the Tang dynasty in Kwangtung Province, although another
completely different tradition states that she was a woman
from Yongzhou who lived during the Song dynasty.
She is to be recognized by the lotus flower she carries.
Ho Hsien Ku is often described as floating or leaping
from mountaintop to mountaintop as she gathers fruit and
rare delicacies for her family and others.
Ho
Hsien Ku is the only female among the Eight Immortals (although
Lan Tsai Ho is sometimes portrayed as a woman as well) and
was perhaps the last of the group to become an immortal. A number of stories describe the circumstances under which she became
one of the eight. One
tells of her preparing herself for immortal status by taking
a special powder while practicing extreme ascetic rituals.
Another story involves her being tested by the other
immortals.
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Copyright 2001 THE
WORLD AND I Magazine. All rights reserved.
The World & I is published monthly by News World Communications,
Inc.
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Five
Tales from
China
Author:
Yao-wen Li
June 1986
The
Dragon King's
Daughter
Author:
Shien Min Jen
October 1988
Yu-yen
Author:
Pack Carnes
August 1990
The
Eight Immortals,
Part 1
Author:
Pack Carnes
December 1993
Flower,
Birds,
and Butterflies
Author:
David Hicks
November 1997
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