Issue Date: January 1994

TS'AO KUO CHIU

Ts'ao Kuo Chiu is said to have lived during the Sung dynasty (960-1279) and to have been the son of a general.  His remains are entombed in Xuzhou.  Ts’ao’s emblem is a pair of castanets held in one hand.  One of Ts’ao’s brothers (some say Ts’ao himself) was an evil man who took great advantage of his connections to the throne.  Ts’ao tried to reform his brother but to no avail, and the brother was convicted of many crimes.  Tradition has it that, as a consequence of his brother’s guilt, Ts’ao went into the mountains.  He found enlightenment at the hands of the immortals Lu Tung Pin and Chang Kuo Lao, who gave him the pill of immortality.  One legend attributes his elevation to the rank of immortal as a sort of whimsy by the other seven, who wanted to fill out their number to eight.  Other stories say that Ho Hsien Ku was the eighth.

                                                                                                                        - P.C.

Han Hsiang Tzu was so disappointed that he retreated from this life and devoted himself to study.  After many years, he achieved immortality.  But the flute was no ordinary instrument.  It could play, almost by itself, captivating music that enchanted all who heard it.  Even after Han Hsiang Tzu became an immortal he carried this flute with him.  The flute was made of bamboo from the forest of Kuan Yin and gave Han the power to destroy evil spirits and bring pleasure to the pure of heart.

A young girl attains the rank of immortal

Ho Hsien Ku was reputedly a girl of fourteen who lived during the Tang dynasty in Kwangtung Province, although another completely different tradition states that she was a woman from Yongzhou who lived during the Song dynasty.  She is to be recognized by the lotus flower she carries.  Ho Hsien Ku is often described as floating or leaping from mountaintop to mountaintop as she gathers fruit and rare delicacies for her family and others.

Ho Hsien Ku is the only female among the Eight Immortals (although Lan Tsai Ho is sometimes portrayed as a woman as well) and was perhaps the last of the group to become an immortal.  A number of stories describe the circumstances under which she became one of the eight.  One tells of her preparing herself for immortal status by taking a special powder while practicing extreme ascetic rituals.  Another story involves her being tested by the other immortals.


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